Demantoid: Discovery and History
Demantoid, one of the rarest and most expensive types of garnet, was discovered in the 19th century in the Ural Mountains of Russia. Its name derives from the German word Demant,meaning diamond-like,due to its remarkable brilliance.
Physical and Chemical Properties of Demantoid
• Chemical Formula: Ca₃Fe₂(SiO₄)₃
• Crystal System: Cubic
• Color: Green, ranging from yellowish-green to emerald-green
• Hardness (Mohs Scale): 6.5–7
• Density: 3.80–3.87 g/cm³
• Refractive Index: 1.88–1.92
• Dispersion: 0.057
• Luster: Vitreous to diamond-like
Sources and Deposits of Demantoid
The primary sources of demantoid are Russia [Ural Mountains] as well as Namibia, Madagascar, Italy, and Iran. Russian deposits, mined since the late 19th century, are still considered the benchmark for quality.
Optical Properties of Demantoid
Demantoid is renowned for its high dispersion, surpassing even that of diamonds. Its faceted stones exhibit a vibrant play of light, making it highly desirable for jewelers.
Identification and Unique Characteristics of Demantoid
The distinctive feature of demantoid is the presence of inclusions known as “horsetail” [Horsetail ]fibers, which are thin golden threads visible inside the stone. These inclusions not only confirm the natural origin of the gem but also increase its value.
Price and Market Value of Demantoid
Demantoid is the most expensive garnet. Its value depends on factors such as color, clarity, size, and origin. Large, high-quality stones can reach tens of thousands of dollars per carat.
Uses of Demantoid
Demantoid is used in creating exclusive jewelry pieces such as rings, necklaces, and earrings. Additionally, it is highly sought after by collectors who appreciate its rarity and beauty.
Care and Maintenance of Demantoid
Despite its adequate hardness, demantoid is sensitive to impacts. It is recommended to avoid wearing demantoid jewelry during physical activities and to clean the stone with a soft brush, warm water, and mild soap.
Conclusion
Demantoid is a unique gemstone that combines rarity, natural beauty, and brilliance. It remains one of the most sought-after precious stones globally, attracting the attention of both jewelers and collectors.
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